The technical parameters of CNC turning are the core indicators that determine machining accuracy, efficiency and quality. They mainly include key elements such as spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, positioning accuracy and tool parameters.
Spindle speed (n, unit: r/min) determines the cutting speed and needs to be matched with the material and tool. For example:
When machining 45 steel, a spindle speed of 800~1200 r/min is recommended for carbide tools;
For aluminum alloys, the speed can be increased to 2000~3000 r/min to achieve high-speed cutting;
For stainless steel, due to its poor thermal conductivity, the speed needs to be reduced by 20%~30%, usually controlled at 600~900 r/min.
Feed rate (f, unit: mm/r) affects surface roughness and production efficiency:
Roughing: 0.3~0.8 mm/r, prioritizing efficiency;
Finishing: 0.1~0.3 mm/r, ensuring Ra≤1.6μm;
For cut-off or deep hole machining, reduce to 0.05~0.2 mm/r.
Different materials require parameter adjustments to suit their machining characteristics:
Carbon steel (e.g., 45# steel): Linear speed 80~120 m/min, with emulsion cooling;
Stainless steel (304/316L): Linear speed reduced to 50~80 m/min, using TiAlN coated tools to prevent chip adhesion;
Aluminum alloy (6061): High-speed cutting at 150~250 m/min can be used to avoid built-up edge.
